Boudicca: Britain's Queen of the Iceni
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Empress Matilda of England
The Legendary Women of World History Book 7
127 pages
Born in 1102 to King Henry of England and Queen Matilda of Scotland, Matilda's uniquely royal Norman, Saxon, and Scottish heritage was meant to unify an England still divided by her grandfather's conquest in 1066. When the 1120 White Ship Disaster made her the only surviving child of her parents, Matilda suddenly became heiress to the English throne in a time when the old Saxon Witan, not the king's Will, still decided the succession.
Discover the true story of the first woman to claim the throne of England in her own right and be inspired!
Includes Matilda's family tree, a detailed timeline, and a suggested reading list so you can keep learning.
Add to Goodreads
Amazon * Apple * B&N * Kobo * Smashwords
Discover the true story of the first woman to claim the throne of England in her own right and be inspired!
Includes Matilda's family tree, a detailed timeline, and a suggested reading list so you can keep learning.
Add to Goodreads
Amazon * Apple * B&N * Kobo * Smashwords
Hypatia of Alexandria
The Legendary Women of World History Book 8
105 pages
As the western world fell into darkness, she dared defend the light.
Born in 355 CE in the aftermath of Constantine's reign, Hypatia of Alexandria lived in a collapsing Roman Empire, a world where obedience to religious authorities trumped science, where reason and logic threatened the new world order. It was a world on the edge of the Dark Ages, a world deciding the question of science verses religion, freedom verses orthodoxy, tolerance verses hate.
For over 40 years, Hypatia stood between the dark ages and the light of classical philosophy, arts, and sciences. Though none of her books survived the aggressive book burnings of religious zealots, her legacy remains that of one of the greatest scientists of all time.
This is her fascinating true story.
Add to Goodreads
Amazon * Apple * B&N * Kobo * Smashwords
Born in 355 CE in the aftermath of Constantine's reign, Hypatia of Alexandria lived in a collapsing Roman Empire, a world where obedience to religious authorities trumped science, where reason and logic threatened the new world order. It was a world on the edge of the Dark Ages, a world deciding the question of science verses religion, freedom verses orthodoxy, tolerance verses hate.
For over 40 years, Hypatia stood between the dark ages and the light of classical philosophy, arts, and sciences. Though none of her books survived the aggressive book burnings of religious zealots, her legacy remains that of one of the greatest scientists of all time.
This is her fascinating true story.
Add to Goodreads
Amazon * Apple * B&N * Kobo * Smashwords
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Born, raised, and educated in Lincoln, Nebraska USA Laurel A. Rockefeller is author of over twenty books published and self-published since August, 2012 and in languages ranging from Welsh to Spanish to Chinese and everything in between. A dedicated scholar and biographical historian, Ms. Rockefeller is passionate about education and improving history literacy worldwide.
With her lyrical writing style, Laurel's books are as beautiful to read as they are informative.
In her spare time, Laurel enjoys spending time with her cockatiels, attending living history activities, travelling to historic places in both the United States and United Kingdom, and watching classic motion pictures and classic television series.
Website * Facebook * Twitter * Pinterest * YouTube * Amazon * Goodreads
With her lyrical writing style, Laurel's books are as beautiful to read as they are informative.
In her spare time, Laurel enjoys spending time with her cockatiels, attending living history activities, travelling to historic places in both the United States and United Kingdom, and watching classic motion pictures and classic television series.
Website * Facebook * Twitter * Pinterest * YouTube * Amazon * Goodreads
Ten Facts about the Legendary Women of World History You Probably Did Not Know
By Laurel A. Rockefeller
Catherine de Valois was a few days shy of her fourteenth birthday when King Henry V of England defeated her father at the Battle of Agincourt.
Shakespeare makes her appear much older at the time in large part because in the play, the Treaty of Troyes appears to happen very soon after Agincourt. In truth there is a 4 ½ year gap between those two events during which Catherine grows up –and grows up hating King Henry. When she finally marries him on 2 June 1420 she is 18 ½ years old and wise to the workings of royal courts.
Queen Mary Stuart of Scotland was a battered wife.
Though she was queen sovereign of Scotland, the Church made the rules for marriage and divorce which she could not override. Therefore, the only solution for Mary was to ally herself with enemies of Lord Darnley willing to murder him on her behalf. These allies ultimately proved untrustworthy and Mary eventually lost both her throne and later her head for it.
Queen Elizabeth Tudor was a “virgin” in the sense that she never married. The word “virgin” originally had nothing to do with vaginal sex, but meant “a free woman, one not betrothed, not bound to, not possessed by any man” (See https://professorwhatif.wordpress.com/2008/08/07/what-if-we-used-the-word-%E2%80%98virgin-in-accordance-with-its-original-meaning/). Therefore, a woman might be sexually active, yet still considered a virgin.
Unlike her cousin Mary, Elizabeth refused to become the property of any man.
“I will have one mistress here and no master,” Queen Elizabeth famously replied to her Parliament in 1566 when her authority was challenged. Therefore, when we call Elizabeth Tudor “the Virgin Queen” what we actually mean is that she was sovereign in her own right, unconstrained by the men in both her personal and political life. Not even Queen Victoria had so much freedom.
Empress Wu Zetian of China allowed a more or less free press during her reign.
In a time where criticizing the emperor was a crime punishable by death, Wu permitted her subjects a great deal of latitude to praise or criticize her as they desired. This allowed scholarship, culture, technology, and the arts to thrive under Wu’s reign. In addition, she abolished the traditional rule by the wealthy elites and replaced it with the Civil Service Exam system which was open to all men, regardless of wealth or class, empowering the poorest of the poor to earn their way into well-paying government jobs when aided by scholarships. No wonder rich oligarchs hated her!
Empress Matilda was pregnant when her father, King Henry I of England died.
Overlooked by most historians, Matilda was pregnant with her son William when her father died on 1 December 1135.
Gwenllian ferch Gruffydd ap Cyan was related to Empress Matilda of England by marriage.
When Gwenllian married Gruffydd ap Rhys of Deheubarth in 1215 she became sister-in-law to Princess Nest ferch Rhys, one of King Henry of England’s many lovers. Nest gave birth to King Henry’s bastard son Henry Fitzhenry within weeks of Matilda’s own birth on 7 February 1102. This made Gwenllian sister-in-law to the mother of one of Matilda’s many half-brothers.
Under Welsh Law, Prince Henry Fitzhenry of Deheubarth was an heir to his father, King Henry I of England.
Welsh Common Law recognized the legitimacy of all children, regardless of their parents’ marital status at birth, as equal heirs to their parents. Had King Henry of England accepted Welsh inheritance rules, he could have easily named Henry Fitzhenry as heir to the English throne. In theory this could have prevented the nineteen year war between Stephen de Blois and Henry’s sole surviving legitimate child, Empress Matilda of England.
In practice, however, making the half-Welsh Henry Fitzhenry (grandson to King Rhys ap Tewdwr of Deheubarth and nephew by marriage to Gwenllian ferch Gruffydd) would have presented its own political problems. The Church in England fiercely opposed the Welsh legal system because it secularized many domains the Church controlled or attempted to control and provided greater civil liberties to women than the Church considered appropriate. Given the number of senior clergy members in the Witan (German: Witenagemot), it is therefore highly unlikely the Witan would have permitted any of Henry I’s many bastard children to assume the throne which is why Stephen de Blois and Empress Matilda of England were the only two viable candidates for the English throne.
Hypatia of Alexandria was sixty at the time of her murder.
Though the film “Agora” depicts the events of Hypatia’s life happening close together, in reality they happened over a span of decades. Hypatia was 30 when Theophilus became Patriarch of Alexandria, 36 when the Caesareum and the Temple of Serapis were destroyed by Theophilus and converted into churches, and 50 when her father died in 405. Orestes likewise did not convert to Christianity until after Hypatia’s 50th birthday. With her age adding to her reputation for wisdom, can it be any wonder Hypatia became Enemy Number One in the eyes of Alexandria’s most radical Christians?
Hypatia’s murder ended Alexandria’s golden age.
Not surprisingly, Hypatia’s murder had a chilling effect on Alexandria’s intellectual community. With its most precious institutions and books destroyed by Patriarchs Theophilus and Cyril and its surviving intellectuals fleeing the city for safer parts of the Eastern and Western Roman Empires, Alexandria became a tiny shadow of its former self under Christian control. In the end, Christian zealots won the immediate war but destroyed the city in the process.
By Laurel A. Rockefeller
Catherine de Valois was a few days shy of her fourteenth birthday when King Henry V of England defeated her father at the Battle of Agincourt.
Shakespeare makes her appear much older at the time in large part because in the play, the Treaty of Troyes appears to happen very soon after Agincourt. In truth there is a 4 ½ year gap between those two events during which Catherine grows up –and grows up hating King Henry. When she finally marries him on 2 June 1420 she is 18 ½ years old and wise to the workings of royal courts.
Queen Mary Stuart of Scotland was a battered wife.
Though she was queen sovereign of Scotland, the Church made the rules for marriage and divorce which she could not override. Therefore, the only solution for Mary was to ally herself with enemies of Lord Darnley willing to murder him on her behalf. These allies ultimately proved untrustworthy and Mary eventually lost both her throne and later her head for it.
Queen Elizabeth Tudor was a “virgin” in the sense that she never married. The word “virgin” originally had nothing to do with vaginal sex, but meant “a free woman, one not betrothed, not bound to, not possessed by any man” (See https://professorwhatif.wordpress.com/2008/08/07/what-if-we-used-the-word-%E2%80%98virgin-in-accordance-with-its-original-meaning/). Therefore, a woman might be sexually active, yet still considered a virgin.
Unlike her cousin Mary, Elizabeth refused to become the property of any man.
“I will have one mistress here and no master,” Queen Elizabeth famously replied to her Parliament in 1566 when her authority was challenged. Therefore, when we call Elizabeth Tudor “the Virgin Queen” what we actually mean is that she was sovereign in her own right, unconstrained by the men in both her personal and political life. Not even Queen Victoria had so much freedom.
Empress Wu Zetian of China allowed a more or less free press during her reign.
In a time where criticizing the emperor was a crime punishable by death, Wu permitted her subjects a great deal of latitude to praise or criticize her as they desired. This allowed scholarship, culture, technology, and the arts to thrive under Wu’s reign. In addition, she abolished the traditional rule by the wealthy elites and replaced it with the Civil Service Exam system which was open to all men, regardless of wealth or class, empowering the poorest of the poor to earn their way into well-paying government jobs when aided by scholarships. No wonder rich oligarchs hated her!
Empress Matilda was pregnant when her father, King Henry I of England died.
Overlooked by most historians, Matilda was pregnant with her son William when her father died on 1 December 1135.
Gwenllian ferch Gruffydd ap Cyan was related to Empress Matilda of England by marriage.
When Gwenllian married Gruffydd ap Rhys of Deheubarth in 1215 she became sister-in-law to Princess Nest ferch Rhys, one of King Henry of England’s many lovers. Nest gave birth to King Henry’s bastard son Henry Fitzhenry within weeks of Matilda’s own birth on 7 February 1102. This made Gwenllian sister-in-law to the mother of one of Matilda’s many half-brothers.
Under Welsh Law, Prince Henry Fitzhenry of Deheubarth was an heir to his father, King Henry I of England.
Welsh Common Law recognized the legitimacy of all children, regardless of their parents’ marital status at birth, as equal heirs to their parents. Had King Henry of England accepted Welsh inheritance rules, he could have easily named Henry Fitzhenry as heir to the English throne. In theory this could have prevented the nineteen year war between Stephen de Blois and Henry’s sole surviving legitimate child, Empress Matilda of England.
In practice, however, making the half-Welsh Henry Fitzhenry (grandson to King Rhys ap Tewdwr of Deheubarth and nephew by marriage to Gwenllian ferch Gruffydd) would have presented its own political problems. The Church in England fiercely opposed the Welsh legal system because it secularized many domains the Church controlled or attempted to control and provided greater civil liberties to women than the Church considered appropriate. Given the number of senior clergy members in the Witan (German: Witenagemot), it is therefore highly unlikely the Witan would have permitted any of Henry I’s many bastard children to assume the throne which is why Stephen de Blois and Empress Matilda of England were the only two viable candidates for the English throne.
Hypatia of Alexandria was sixty at the time of her murder.
Though the film “Agora” depicts the events of Hypatia’s life happening close together, in reality they happened over a span of decades. Hypatia was 30 when Theophilus became Patriarch of Alexandria, 36 when the Caesareum and the Temple of Serapis were destroyed by Theophilus and converted into churches, and 50 when her father died in 405. Orestes likewise did not convert to Christianity until after Hypatia’s 50th birthday. With her age adding to her reputation for wisdom, can it be any wonder Hypatia became Enemy Number One in the eyes of Alexandria’s most radical Christians?
Hypatia’s murder ended Alexandria’s golden age.
Not surprisingly, Hypatia’s murder had a chilling effect on Alexandria’s intellectual community. With its most precious institutions and books destroyed by Patriarchs Theophilus and Cyril and its surviving intellectuals fleeing the city for safer parts of the Eastern and Western Roman Empires, Alexandria became a tiny shadow of its former self under Christian control. In the end, Christian zealots won the immediate war but destroyed the city in the process.
ne winner each week will receive a sapling tree from the Arbor Day Foundation – trees will vary depending on the winner's region – US only. There will also be two random winners for a special mystery prize- drawn at surprise moments during the tour!
Follow the tour HERE to discover the other amazing Legendary Women of World History books and enter the weekly giveaways!
Week 1
Mar 1
kickoff at Silver Dagger Book Tours
Lukten av trykksverte
Mar 2
Laurie's Thoughts and Reviews – GUEST POST
Rainy Day Reviews - GUEST POST
Jazzy Book Reviews
Readeropolis
Mar 3
Rachel Reads – REVIEW ALL
Triple A
The Bewitched Reader
Mar 4
Eclectic Evelyn
Indie Wish List
Books all things paranormal and romance
3 Partners in Shopping, Nana, Mommy, &, Sissy, Too!
Mar 5
Susan Heim on Writing
The Pen and Muse Book Reviews
books are love
Mar 6
Aconite Cafe
The lives and loves of a book nerd
Book Review Virignia Lee
A Mama's Corner of the World
Mar 7
Yearwood La Novela
WS Momma Readers Nook
Book Reviews and Giveaways
Mar 8
A Writer's Life
Ms. Cat's Honest World – REVIEW ALL
Anna del C. Dye official page
Mar 9
YA Book Divas
The Bookworm Chronicles
Ramblings of a Coffee Addicted Writer
Mar 10
The Book Town
The Authors Blog
Bound 2 Escape
Week 2
Mar 11
Laurie's Thoughts and Reviews
Lukten av trykksverte
Eclectic Evelyn
The Bewitched Reader
Mar 12
Triple A
Teatime and Books
Inside the Insanity
Mar 13
Anna del C. Dye official page
XoXo Book Blog
Home for Book Lovers
2 Girls & A Book
Mar 14
Tales of A Wanna-Be SuperHero Mom
Rambling Reviews
Girl with Pen
Spunky N Sassy
Mar 15
A Writer's Life
Meghan's Mindless Mutterings: Reviews & Giveaways
eBook Addicts
Mar 16
Aconite Cafe
T's Stuff
Fantasticando sui libri
Mar 17
Rachel Reads – REVIEW ALL
Ms. Cat's Honest World – REVIEW ALL
Rabid Readers Book Blog
Week 3
Mar 18
Laurie's Thoughts and Reviews
Lukten av trykksverte
Eclectic Evelyn
Anna del C. Dye official page
Indie Wish List
The Bewitched Reader
Mar 19
Triple A
Sylv.net
Deal Sharing Aunt
Mar 20
Aconite Cafe
Queen of All She Reads
Cali Book Reviews
Mar 21
Stormy Nights Reviewing & Bloggin'
nanasbookreviews
BookwormBridgette's World
Mar 22
Rachel Reads – REVIEW ALL
A Writer's Life
411 on Books, Authors, and Publishing News
Mar 23
Millsy Loves Books
Mello & June
Brianna Remus Books
Mar 24
Ms. Cat's Honest World – REVIEW ALL
History from a Woman's Perspective – REVIEW Empress Wu Zetian
Life at 17 – REVIEW Empress Wu Zetian
Week 4
Mar 25
Laurie's Thoughts and Reviews
Lukten av trykksverte
Eclectic Evelyn
The Bewitched Reader
Mar 26
Triple A
Momma Says: To Read or Not to Read
Just a Little R&R
Mar 27
Loves Great Reads Blog
Little Ray Of Sunshine
Books a Plenty Book Reviews
Mar 28
Anna del C. Dye official page
Lisa-Queen of Random
a small girl, her man and her books
Mar 29
A Writer's Life
411 on Books, Authors, and Publishing News- GUEST POST
Laurisa White Reyes, Author
Mar 30
Ms. Cat's Honest World – REVIEW ALL
Aconite Cafe
Mar 31
Rachel Reads – REVIEW ALL, GUEST POST
Indie Wish List
Book-Lover
Follow the tour HERE to discover the other amazing Legendary Women of World History books and enter the weekly giveaways!
Week 1
Mar 1
kickoff at Silver Dagger Book Tours
Lukten av trykksverte
Mar 2
Laurie's Thoughts and Reviews – GUEST POST
Rainy Day Reviews - GUEST POST
Jazzy Book Reviews
Readeropolis
Mar 3
Rachel Reads – REVIEW ALL
Triple A
The Bewitched Reader
Mar 4
Eclectic Evelyn
Indie Wish List
Books all things paranormal and romance
3 Partners in Shopping, Nana, Mommy, &, Sissy, Too!
Mar 5
Susan Heim on Writing
The Pen and Muse Book Reviews
books are love
Mar 6
Aconite Cafe
The lives and loves of a book nerd
Book Review Virignia Lee
A Mama's Corner of the World
Mar 7
Yearwood La Novela
WS Momma Readers Nook
Book Reviews and Giveaways
Mar 8
A Writer's Life
Ms. Cat's Honest World – REVIEW ALL
Anna del C. Dye official page
Mar 9
YA Book Divas
The Bookworm Chronicles
Ramblings of a Coffee Addicted Writer
Mar 10
The Book Town
The Authors Blog
Bound 2 Escape
Week 2
Mar 11
Laurie's Thoughts and Reviews
Lukten av trykksverte
Eclectic Evelyn
The Bewitched Reader
Mar 12
Triple A
Teatime and Books
Inside the Insanity
Mar 13
Anna del C. Dye official page
XoXo Book Blog
Home for Book Lovers
2 Girls & A Book
Mar 14
Tales of A Wanna-Be SuperHero Mom
Rambling Reviews
Girl with Pen
Spunky N Sassy
Mar 15
A Writer's Life
Meghan's Mindless Mutterings: Reviews & Giveaways
eBook Addicts
Mar 16
Aconite Cafe
T's Stuff
Fantasticando sui libri
Mar 17
Rachel Reads – REVIEW ALL
Ms. Cat's Honest World – REVIEW ALL
Rabid Readers Book Blog
Week 3
Mar 18
Laurie's Thoughts and Reviews
Lukten av trykksverte
Eclectic Evelyn
Anna del C. Dye official page
Indie Wish List
The Bewitched Reader
Mar 19
Triple A
Sylv.net
Deal Sharing Aunt
Mar 20
Aconite Cafe
Queen of All She Reads
Cali Book Reviews
Mar 21
Stormy Nights Reviewing & Bloggin'
nanasbookreviews
BookwormBridgette's World
Mar 22
Rachel Reads – REVIEW ALL
A Writer's Life
411 on Books, Authors, and Publishing News
Mar 23
Millsy Loves Books
Mello & June
Brianna Remus Books
Mar 24
Ms. Cat's Honest World – REVIEW ALL
History from a Woman's Perspective – REVIEW Empress Wu Zetian
Life at 17 – REVIEW Empress Wu Zetian
Week 4
Mar 25
Laurie's Thoughts and Reviews
Lukten av trykksverte
Eclectic Evelyn
The Bewitched Reader
Mar 26
Triple A
Momma Says: To Read or Not to Read
Just a Little R&R
Mar 27
Loves Great Reads Blog
Little Ray Of Sunshine
Books a Plenty Book Reviews
Mar 28
Anna del C. Dye official page
Lisa-Queen of Random
a small girl, her man and her books
Mar 29
A Writer's Life
411 on Books, Authors, and Publishing News- GUEST POST
Laurisa White Reyes, Author
Mar 30
Ms. Cat's Honest World – REVIEW ALL
Aconite Cafe
Mar 31
Rachel Reads – REVIEW ALL, GUEST POST
Indie Wish List
Book-Lover
Week 1 Giveaway
Week 2 Giveaway
Week 3 Giveaway
Week 4 Giveaway
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